Having a design or idea, then make the clay model or 3D drawing.
Making the silicone mold(or gypsum /FRP mold as need).
Making the wax mold, by pouring melted wax into the silicone mold.
Making the sand shell: Wrap the wax mold layer by layer with exquisite quartz sand, and then burn the wax inside.
Casting: Pouring melted bronze into the finished sand shell.
Polishing and welding: Polishing and welding the casted parts.
Color treatment: flame oxidation coloring, chemical corrosion coloring, painting, gilding, etc., and finally and sealing wax and paiting acrylic to protect the surface.
Bronze is a alloy composed of Cu(80%-90%), Sn (5-20%), Al (5-11%) etc.
Brass is another alloy, consisting of Cu(60-80%) and Zn (20-40%) etc.
Their original colors are different: bronze is bluish-gray, brass is golden-yellow, and pure copper is purplish-red. However, chemical corrosion and high-temperature coloring techniques can alter their original hues, creating same artistic effects such as oxidation-induced blackening, deep brown, or green patina.
Bronze sculptures exhibit excellent corrosion resistance, and they are a bit expensive.
Pure copper, due to its unique color and malleability, is also widely used in decorative sculptures, with prices comparable to bronze sculptures.
Brass sculptures can achieve a similar appearance and corrosion resistance to bronze through special treatments while being significantly more affordable.